Non-condensing type clothes dryer exhaust systems must be:

Independent of all other systems is the correct answer because non-condensing clothes dryer exhaust systems must be designed to function exclusively on their own. This independence is crucial to ensure that the exhaust gases, which can contain moisture and other pollutants, do not mix with exhaust from other appliances or systems. Mixing these exhausts can lead to backdrafts or other hazardous situations that might not only compromise air quality but also create potential fire hazards.

Additionally, having an independent exhaust system helps maintain optimal airflow and functionality of the dryer. The design also aligns with building codes and safety standards that prioritize the venting of dryer exhaust away from living spaces and other systems to prevent potential interference or contamination.

The other options imply configurations that could create safety risks or functional inefficiencies, highlighting why independence from other systems is vital for the safe operation of non-condensing dryers.